Document Type : Scientific-Research
Authors
1 PhD candidate at department of history and civilization of Islamic nations, Faculty of Theology and Islamic studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor at department of history and civilization of Islamic nations, Faculty of Theology and Islamic studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Research on Sufism in Kurdistan has mainly examined the history of Sufi Tariqas separately and detached from their communication space; While due to the influence of these Tariqa’s relations on the social history of Kurdistan, it is also necessary to study the various connections between the sheikhs and their followers. In the present study, the question of what the relations between the Naqshbandiyya and the Qadiriyy were like in the Kurdish areas after Mawlana Khalid Shahrazuri (1242-1193 AH) was answered .The results of the research - which was carried out using the library method - show that after the initial tensions and confrontations, the relations between these two Tariqas moved towards cooperation and companionship; After some time, the Naqshbandi elders, taking into account the presence and influence of the Qadiris in Kurdish society and in order to manage the situation of their followers, made changes in some customs of the Tariqat and sometimes brought them closer to the Qadiri method. In addition, many relationships were forged between the sheikhs of the two Tariqas, such as Sufi-based relationships, bonds of friendship and family ties. They also participated in each other's rituals and were connected in some scientific and cultural fields. Their interaction progressed to the point where the Naqshbandi sheikhs, influenced by their previous heritage and considering the situation of the Kurdish society, took over the leadership of some Qadiri disciples and thus started a new chapter of Tariqa in Kurdistan.
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