Document Type : Scientific-Research

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of History , Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

Abstract

From the beginning of the Mongol invasion of the territory of Sultan Mohammad Khawrazmshah, several proposals were made to counter and repel the attack. One of the most critical proposals came from "King Nasreddin Hazarasb", the  Atabak of Lor. He proposed the famous and strategic "Takow"[1] (Takab) strait near Behbahan - between Behbahan and Dehdasht Kohgiluyeh - to prevent and confront the Mongols. This important strait, more than five kilometers long, was important in various spatial and material aspects. Also, according to Atabak, they could muster tens of thousands of fighting forces from different ethnic groups, such as Lor, Shool, and Fars, to fight and resist in the mentioned strait. Of course, the Sultan did not accept Atabak's offer and left everything to fate. All the reports were collected and evaluated from first-hand sources by adopting the historical research methodology and a descriptive-analytical approach in this article. The author seeks to answer the following questions by criticizing current researchers: How is it possible to explain the geographic and strategic location of the strait? And why Sultan Mohammad did not accept Atabak's offer? The results showed that this strait is full of running waters and stagnant springs, impregnable peaks and impassable ridges, large caves, and caverns for food storage and precipices in terms of location and material advantages. Furthermore, Sultan Mohammad، who was perplexed and had no strong will to make a decisive decision, was aware of the disputes and contradictions between Atabak of Lor and Atabak of Fars in the region and did not accept the offer.
[1] . Takow
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

List of Sources With English Handwrting
Bādīān, E (1385š),»Eskandar dar Irān«,Tārīḵ-e Iran dar dūreye haḵāmanešīān, Translated by, Morteżā Ṯaqebfar, Tehrān: ǰāmī.]In Persian[
Banākatī, Dāvūd b. Moḥammad(1378š), Tārīḵ-e Banākatī(Rawḍato Ololalbāb Fī Maʻrefat-alTawarīkh va al- ansāb),ed. Jafaʻr Šoʻār ,Tehrān: Anǰoman-e Ᾱṯār va mafāḵer-e Mellī, 2th ed.]In Persian[
Bartold,V,V(1387š), Turkestān nāmeh(Turkestān dar ahde Hoǰūme moḡūl),Vol.2, Translated by, Karīm Kešavarz, Tehrān: Ᾱgah, 3th ed.]In Persian[
Boyle,j.a(1371š),» Tārīḵ-e Dūdmanī va Sīyāsī īl Ḵānān« DYNASTIC AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE IL-KHĀNS ,Tārīḵ-e Iran az Ᾱmadan-e Saljūqyān Tā frūpāšīye īl ḵānān(Tārīḵ-e Iran Cambridge The Cambridge History of Iran), Translated by, Hassan Anoše, Tehrān: Amīr Kabīr, 2th ed. ]In Persian[
Brion‎, Marcel, Manam Teīmūr ǰahāngošā, translation and adaptation of Ḏabīḥallah Manṣūrī, Tehrān: Mostūfī Library, 10th ed. [In Persian]
 Dabīr Sīaqī, Moḥammad (2536ša), Sōltān Jalāl- Al-Din Ḵārazmšāh, Tehrān: Šerkat-e Sahāmī Ketāb-hāye Jībī & Mūasese-ye Entešārāt-e Franklin.]In Persian[
De Bode,Baron(1371š) Safarnāme Lōrestān va Ḵūzestān (Travels in Luristan and Arabistan), Translated by, Ᾱryā.M.H, Tehrān: ʻElmī va Farhangī.]In Persian[  
DehḴōdā, ʻAiī Akbar (1385), Loḡatnāmeh (Farhange Motevasṭe DehḴōdā), ed. Ḡolāmreżā Sotūdeh, Iraǰ Mehrakī and Akram Soltānī, Tehrān: University of Tehrān .
Ebn Balḵī(1363š),Fārsnāme ,ed. Le strange & Nicholson,Tehrān: Donyā-ye ketāb, 2th ed.]In Persian[
Eqbāl Ᾱštīānī, Abbās(1376š), Tārīḵ-e Moḡūl va avāyele ayām-e Taymorī (the History of Mongols and early Timurid), Tehrān: Nāmak.]In Persian[
Fasāīī, Mīrzā Ḥassan Ḥoseīnī, Fārsnāmeh(1378š), ed. Mansoūr Rastegār Fasāī, Vol 2, 2th ed, Tehrān: Amīr Kabīr.]In Persian[ 
Gaube, Heinz(1359š),Arǰān va Kohgīlūyeh Az Fath-e Arab Ta Pāyān-e dūreh Ṣafavīye (Arragan/Kuh-Giluyeh. Eine südpersische Provinz von der arabischen Eroberung bis zur Safawidenzeit), Translated by Saʻīd Farhudī, Tehrān: Anǰoman-e Ᾱṯar-e Mellī.]In Persian[
Ḥāfez Abrū (1375š), ǰoḡrāfīyāy-e Ḥāfez Abrū I, ed, Sādeq saǰadī, Tehrān: Bonyād-e Mīraṯ -e Maktūb.]In Persian[
Ḥāfez Abrū, (1378š), ǰoḡrāfīyāy-e Ḥāfez Abrū, II, ed. Sādeq saǰadī, Tehrān: Ᾱyene va Mīraṯ.]In Persian[
Ḥoseīnī Monšī, M, M (1385š), Rīyāż al- Ferdūs Ḵānī, ed. Iraǰ Afšār, Bonīād-e Moqūfāt-e Afšār.]In Persian[
Ḥūdūd al-Ᾱlam min al Mašreq el al-Maḡreb(1372š), ed. Maryame mirahmadi & ḡolāmreza Varahrām, Tehrān: Dānešgāh-e al-zahra.]In Persian[
Interview with Mr. Ramażān Ṣaḥrāei, Farvardīn 1400 (resident of Tang-e-Takū and Paškar mountainous area).
 Jaʻfarī, Abbās(1368š), Gītašenāsī-e Iran:Kūhhā va Kūh name Iran,Vol 1,Tehrān: Sāzemān-e ǰoḡrāfīyāīī va Kārtogrāfy Gītašenasī.]In Persian[
ǰoveynī, ʻAlā’al-din Atāmalek Moḥammd (1389š), Tārīḵ-e ǰahāngošā, ed. Moḥammad Qazvīnī, Tehrān: Asāṭīr.]In Persian[
ǰūzǰānī, Menhaǰ al-Serāǰ (1363š), Tabaqāt-e Nāserī, ed. Abdūl Ḥaīye Ḥabībī, Tehrān: Donyā-ye ketāb.]In Persian[
Maqdasī, Abūʼ Abd Allāh Moḥammad b. Aḥmad, Aḥsan al- Taqāsīm Fī Maʻrīfat Al-Aqālīm, Translated by, ʻAlī Naqī Monzavī, Tehrān: Komeš, 2th ed .]In Persian[
Monšī ,Eskandarbeīg(1377š), Ᾱlam ārā-ye Abbāsī, Vol.I, ed, Moḥammad Esmāʻīl Reżvānī, Tehrān: Donyā-ye ketāb.]In Persian[
Mostūfī, Ḥamdallāh (1378š), Nozhat al-Qolūb, ed. Moḥammad Dabīrsīāqī, Qazvīn, Ṭaha.]In Persian[
Mostūfī Qazvīnī, Ḥamd allāh (1381š), Tārīḵ-e Gozīdeh, ed. Abdūlḥoseīn Navaīī, Tehrān: Amīr Kabīr, 4th ed.]In Persian[
Nāser Ḵusraw (1373š), Safarnāme, ed. Moḥammad Dabīrsīāqī, Tehrān: Zavvār, 5th ed.]In Persian[
Naṭanzī, Moʻīn al-Dīn(1383š), Montaḵab al-Tavārīḵ-e Moʻīnī, ed. Parvīn Estaḵrī, Tehrān: Asāṭīr.]In Persian[
Pāpelī Yazdī, Moḥammad Hasan(1388š), Farhang-e Ᾱbādīhā va Makānhāy-e Maẕhabīy-e Kešvar, Mašhad, Bonyād-e pažūhešhay-e Eslāmī. ]In Persian[
Pīrnīā, Hasan(1370š), Tārīḵ-e Iran-e Bāstān,Vol. 2, Tehrān: Donyā-ye ketāb, 5th ed.]In Persian[ 
 Rašīd al-dīn Fażlullāh (1367š), ǰāmiʻ al-tavārīḵ, ed. Bahman Karīmī,Vol.1, Tehrān: Eqbāl, 3th ed.]In Persian[
Rašīd al-dīn Fażlullāh (1373š), ǰāmiʻ al-tavārīḵ, ed. Moḥammad Rošan va Moṣṭafā mūsavī, Vol 1, Tehrān: Alborz.]In Persian[
Rašīd al-dīn Fażlullāh (1389š), ǰāmiʻ al-tavārīḵ (Tārīḵ-e Salḡūrīyān Fārs), ed. Moḥammad Rošan, Tehrān: Mīrāṯ-e Maktūb.]In Persian[
Šabānkāre-ī, Moḥammad b. ʻAlī b. Moḥammad (1363š), Maǰmaʻ al-Ansāb, ed. Mīr Hāšem Moḥadeṯ, Tehrān: Amīr Kabīr.]In Persian[
Spuler, B, Tārīḵ-e Moḡūl dar Iran (The Mongol in Iran), Translated by, Maḥmūd Mīrāftāb, Tehrān: ʻElmī va Farhangī, 3th ed .]In Persian[
Telephone interview with Mr. Dolatī Moḵtārān (author and researcher Behbahanī), Farvardīn 1395, 1396 and 1400.
Vaṣṣāf al Ḥażrat -e Šīrāzī(1338š), Tārīḵ-e Vaṣṣāf, Tehrān: Ketābḵāne Ibn-e Sīna va Ketābḵāne Jaʻfarī Tabrīzī.]In Persian[
English Sources
Minorsky, v (1997), “ shūlistān” Encyclopaedia of Islam, ed. C.E Bosworth, Leiden, Brill, Vol.  IX, pp 499-500.