History of Islam and Iran

Toponymy of the western half of Iran in the historical writings of the 3rd-9th lunar centuries (Jebal, Qohestan and Iraq-e Ajam)

Hassan Hazrati; Mohamadreza Zadehsafari

Volume 34, Issue 61 , April 2024, , Pages 81-110

https://doi.org/10.22051/hii.2024.44856.2837

Abstract

The toponyms used to name a large area in the western half of Iran, from the fall of the Sassanids to the rise of the Safavids, experienced many changes in the social and political-administrative ... Read More The toponyms used to name a large area in the western half of Iran, from the fall of the Sassanids to the rise of the Safavids, experienced many changes in the social and political-administrative arena, and were reflected in different ways in the writings produced at this point. In Islamic historiography, these toponyms were also used alternately, and historians used them to address the geographical area they were considering. The main question of the upcoming research is how the names Jebal, Qohestan and Iraq-e Ajam appeared in various historians' writings and how they were used. The research approach of this article is based on thick description. The research findings indicate that in the opinion of Islamic historians, Jebal (approximately) was used as a common toponym for a wide area in the western half of Iran in the third century. Gradually and without having a specific definition and limitation, it became popular in all kinds of historical writings and replaced the ancient toponyms of the region such as Mah and Pahle, but in the next century, due to the political developments in the region and the importance of some cities such as Ray and Isfahan, the city became central to the attitude of many Historians prevailed and did not allow Jebal to spread as a common toponym. Also, the name Qohestan, which was the Persian translation of Jebal, became popular in Persian writings at this time and added to the confusion. In the sixth century, the toponym of Iraq-e Ajam, gradually made its way in the writings of historians; But due to the flourishing of general historiography in the 8th and 9th centuries of Hijri, which were provided based on the sources of the third to the sixth century of Hijri, the toponyms of Jebal and Qohestan, while they were almost forgotten in the social and political-administrative arena, also came to life in the writings of Persian historians. They continued, of course, the historians of Egypt and the Levant were largely left out of this mess.

Event of Karbala and representation the ruling discourse in Abu mikhnaf historiography

Hassan Hazrati; leyla najafian razavi

Volume 25, Issue 26 , December 2015, , Pages 29-48

https://doi.org/10.22051/hii.2015.2061

Abstract

Detailed description of events about uprising of Imam Hussein and it,s different dimensions is historiography of Abu mikhnaf. Although, some researchers have studied Abu mikhnaf,s status ... Read More

Medhat Pasha and modernity in Iran

Hassan Hazrati

Volume 19, Issue 3 , October 2010, , Pages 49-65

https://doi.org/10.22051/hii.2014.746

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Author = Hassan Hazrati

Toponymy of the western half of Iran in the historical writings of the 3rd-9th lunar centuries (Jebal, Qohestan and Iraq-e Ajam)

Abstract

Event of Karbala and representation the ruling discourse in Abu mikhnaf historiography

Abstract

Medhat Pasha and modernity in Iran

Abstract